Solar panel | Solar panel are instruments that transform sunlight into using solar cells. These are an eco-friendly and renewable energy source, reducing reliance on carbon-based fuels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_panel |
Solar thermal collector | A solar energy collector is a system that captures sunlight to generate heat, typically used for water heating or space heating applications. It effectively converts solar energy into thermal energy, decreasing reliance on standard energy sources. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_thermal_collector |
Solar thermal energy | Sun-powered thermal energy harnesses sun rays to generate warmth, which can be used for water heating systems, indoor heating, or electricity generation. It is a renewable and renewable technology that reduces fossil fuel consumption and lowers carbon emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_thermal_energy |
Worthing | Worthing is a picturesque seaside town in the county of West Sussex, England, known for its historic pier and vibrant promenade. It offers a delightful blend of golden sands, cultural attractions, and outdoor activities perfect for visitors and residents alike. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Worthing |
England | The country of England is a historic country in the UK known for its abundant cultural heritage, notable attractions, and bustling cities like London. It boasts a diverse scenery of undulating terrain, historic forts, and busy metropolitan areas that combine history with modern developments. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/England |
Sunlight | Solar light is the environmental light emitted by the star, essential for existence on Earth as it offers energy for photosynthesis and affects climate and weather patterns. It also plays a role to our well-being by synchronizing our circadian rhythms and boosting vitamin D production. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunlight |
Electricity | Electromagnetic energy is a form of power generated by the flow of ions, primarily electrons. It fuels countless devices and infrastructures, facilitating modern life and technological advancements. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity |
Photovoltaic | Photovoltaic technology converts solar radiation directly into power using photovoltaic panels composed of semi-conductor materials. It is a renewable power source that reduces reliance on non-renewable fuels and helps mitigate environmental impact. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic |
Electrons | Electrons are fundamental particles with a reversed electric charge that orbit the nucleus of an atom, important for in chemical reactions and electricity. Their behavior and interactions determine the electrical conductivity and chemical properties of elements. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrons |
Direct current | Direct current is the one-way stream of electric charge, generally produced by battteries, electrical sources, and solar panels. It provides a steady voltage or current, causing it essential for electronic devices and low-voltage applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_current |
Battery (electricity) | A cell is a unit that accumulates chemical energy and converts it into electrical energy to operate various electronic gadgets. It consists of one or more galvanic cells, each housing anode and cathode divided by an ionic solution. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battery_(electricity) |
Photovoltaic system | An photovoltaic system converts solar radiation directly into power using photovoltaic panels composed of solar cells. It is an environmentally friendly energy option that minimizes reliance on non-renewable energy sources and supports renewable power generation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_system |
Solar inverter | A solar power converter is a device that converts DC produced by solar panels into alternating current (AC) fit for household use and grid connection. It plays a crucial role in enhancing energy performance and ensuring secure, dependable electricity delivery from solar energy systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_inverter |
Alternating current | Alternating current is an electric current that flips polarity cyclically, typically used in domestic and industrial power supplies. It allows for efficient transmission of electricity over extended spans and is defined by its voltage and current waveforms, usually sinusoidal. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternating_current |
Charge controller | A charge regulator is a device that manages the voltage level and current coming from a solar panel to prevent batteries from excess charging and damage. It provides efficient energy transfer and extends the lifespan of the battery system. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charge_controller |
Measuring instrument | A survey tool is a instrument used to measure the extent, amount, or level of something accurately. It includes tools like meters, temperature sensors, and barometers that provide accurate readings for various applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Measuring_instrument |
Solar tracker | A solar tracker is a device that automatically adjusts the orientation of solar panels to track the sun's movement during the day, enhancing energy absorption. This technology improves the efficiency of solar power systems by maintaining best sun exposure. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_tracker |
Solar farms | Photovoltaic installations are huge installations that capture sunlight to create electricity using many solar panels. They offer a renewable and renewable energy resource, decreasing reliance on non-renewable energy sources and reducing carbon emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_farms |
Rooftop solar power | Solar power from rooftops involves setting up photovoltaic cells on building rooftops to create electricity from sunlight. This renewable energy source helps cut down on reliance on fossil fuels and lowers greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rooftop_solar_power |
Grid-connected photovoltaic system | A grid-tied solar power system transforms sunlight into electricity and feeds excess power directly into the utility grid, providing a renewable energy solution. It improves energy efficiency and reduces reliance on fossil fuels while enabling users to gain potential energy credits. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grid-connected_photovoltaic_system |
Greenhouse gas emissions | Greenhouse gas emissions refer to the release of gases such as CO2, methane, and N2O into the atmosphere, primarily from anthropogenic sources like fossil fuel combustion and tree clearing. These gases trap heat in the Earth's atmosphere, leading to global warming and climate change. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_gas_emissions |
Solar power satellite | A space-based solar power system is an spacecraft equipped with solar panels that collect sunlight and generate power. This energy is then beamed to Earth for utilization as a sustainable energy source. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_power_satellite |
Home energy storage | Home energy storage systems store excess energy generated from green sources or the grid for later use, boosting energy self-sufficiency and effectiveness. These installations generally use batteries to provide backup energy, cut down energy expenses, and assist grid reliability. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_energy_storage |
Timeline of solar cells | The timeline of photovoltaic cells chronicles the development and innovations in photovoltaic tech from the initial finding of the photovoltaic effect to contemporary advanced photovoltaic modules. It features key milestones, including the invention of the original silicon solar cell in 1954 and continuous advances that have significantly enhanced power transformation and cost-effectiveness. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_solar_cells |
Edmond Becquerel | Becquerel was a French-born scientist noted for his innovative work in the study of the solar effect and luminescence. His experiments laid the basis for comprehending how radiation interacts with particular media to create electricity. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmond_Becquerel |
Willoughby Smith | Smith was a UK electrician and scientist known for discovering the photoconductivity of selenium in 1873. His research formed the basis for the development of the photo-sensitive device and progress in early photographic and electronic technologies. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willoughby_Smith |
Selenium | The Selenium framework is an open-source platform used for automated testing of web browsers, allowing testers to simulate user interactions and test web application functionalities. It supports various programming languages and browsers, making it a versatile tool for automated. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selenium |
William Grylls Adams | William Grylls Adams was a British scientist renowned for his pioneering work in the study of light and optics, particularly the discovery of the polarization of luminescence reflected from transparent materials. His research significantly contributed to the understanding of electromagnetic wave behavior and the development of optical science. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Grylls_Adams |
Charles Fritts | Charles Fritts was indeed an American creator who created the earliest working selenium solar cell in 1883. His groundbreaking work laid the foundation for the modern photovoltaic industry. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Fritts |
Coal-fired power plant | An coal-powered power plant generates electricity by combusting coal to produce steam that rotates turbines connected to generators. This process releases large amounts of carbon dioxide and other pollutants into the atmosphere. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal-fired_power_plant |
Russell Ohl | Russell Ohl was an United States scientist credited with identifying the solar cell and advancing the understanding of semiconductor. His work formed the basis of modern photovoltaic technology and the manufacture of silicon-based solar panels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russell_Ohl |
Bell Labs | Bell Laboratories is a prestigious research and development organization historically associated with AT&T, known for leading innovations in communications, computing, and materials science. It has been the source of numerous groundbreaking inventions, including the transistor and the laser. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bell_Labs |
Silicon | Silicon is a chemical element with the symbol Si and 14, widely known for its essential role in the fabrication of electronic devices and solar modules. It is a solid, fragile solid material with a steel-gray sheen, mainly utilized as a electronic component in the electronic industry. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon |
Micro-inverter | A compact inverter is a compact unit installed on each solar panel to change direct current (DC) into alternating current (AC) locally. This method enhances system efficiency, allows for enhanced system tracking, and boosts power output in photovoltaic systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micro-inverter |
Solar cell | A solar module is a device that turns sunlight immediately into electricity through the solar energy process. It is commonly used in solar panels to offer a green and eco-friendly energy resource. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_cell |
PV system | A PV (photovoltaic) system converts sunlight straight into electricity using solar panels composed of semiconductor cells. It is a sustainable energy technology that delivers renewable power for residential, commercial, and utility-scale applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PV_system |
Photon | An photon acts as a elementary particle which represents a unit of light plus other electromagnetic radiation, carrying energy and momentum and energy without containing rest mass. It serves a important role in the relations between matter and electromagnetic fields, enabling phenomena including reflection, refraction, and quantum communication. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photon |
Photovoltaic effect | The photovoltaic effect is the process by which specific substances convert sunlight directly into electricity through the generation of electron-hole pairs. This event is the basic principle behind solar panel systems, facilitating the capturing of solar solar power for energy creation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_effect |
Wafer (electronics) | An wafer in electrical engineering is a thin slice of semiconductor material, typically silicon, used as the base for fabricating integrated circuits. It functions as the primary platform where microchips are built through processes like doping, etching, and layering. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wafer_(electronics) |
Crystalline silicon | Crystalline silicon is a extremely pure form of silicon used predominantly in the manufacturing of photovoltaic cells and electronic components due to its excellent semiconductor properties. Its regular, neat crystal lattice enables efficient electrical conductivity and energy conversion. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystalline_silicon |
Thin film solar cell | Thin-film photovoltaic devices are a type of solar energy technology characterized by their lightweight, bendable structure, and ability to be fabricated over extensive surfaces at a more affordable price. They use layers of semiconductor materials just several micrometers in thickness to convert sunlight into electricity efficiently. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin_film_solar_cell |
Dead and live loads | Dead loads refer to the permanent forces exerted by the weight of construction parts and stationary equipment, while live loads are transient forces such as people, fixtures, and external influences. Both are critical considerations in structural design to ensure safety and stability. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dead_and_live_loads |
Series and parallel circuits | Series circuits join components in a line, so the identical current passes through all devices, while parallel circuits connect components across the identical voltage source, allowing several paths for current. These layouts influence the circuit's overall resistance, current allocation, and voltage drops. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Series_and_parallel_circuits |
Electric power | Electric power refers to the speed at which electricity flows by an electrical circuit, primarily used to operate devices and appliances. Produced through diverse origins such as fossil fuels, nuclear power, and green energy, and is essential for today's lifestyle. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_power |
Watt | A measure of power is a standard of energy conversion in the metric system, showing the speed of energy movement or conversion. It is equivalent to one unit of energy per second. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watt |
Voltage | Voltage is the electric voltage difference between two points, which pushes the stream of electric current in a circuit. It is measured in volts and represents the work per individual charge accessible to move electrons. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage |
Volt | A voltage is the derived unit of electrical potential, potential difference, and voltage in the International System of Units. It measures the voltage per unit charge between locations in an electrical network. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volt |
Electric current | Electrical current is the flow of electric charge through a metal wire, usually measured in A. It is essential for energizing electronic devices and enabling the operation of electronic circuits. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_current |
Ampere | Amp is the standard of electric current in the International System of Units, symbolized as A. It measures the flow of electrical charge through a wire over a time span. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampere |
Electrical load | Electrical load is the term for the level of electrical power or current demanded by equipment and Electrical load in a circuit. It affects the configuration and power of power systems to ensure reliable and optimized energy distribution. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_load |
Junction box | A junction box is an electrical housing used to protect wire connections, providing a central point for wiring in electrical systems. It ensures structured and safe connections, preventing electrical hazards and facilitating maintenance. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Junction_box |
MC4 connector | The MC4 plug is a conventional photovoltaic connector used to link solar panels in a safe and dependable manner. It features a click-in design with waterproof sealing, providing durability and optimal electrical connection in outdoor solar power systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MC4_connector |
USB power | USB power provides a convenient and uniform method of delivering electrical energy to devices through standard ports. It is frequently used for recharging and energizing a extensive range of electronic gadgets, from smartphones to peripherals. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB_power |
Power inverter | A energy inverter is a device that transforms direct current (DC) from sources like cells or photovoltaic arrays into AC suitable for domestic gadgets. It enables the application of standard electrical devices in locations where only DC power is present. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_inverter |
Battery pack | A battery pack functions as a collection of several individual batteries created to store and supply electrical energy for different devices. This provides portable power solutions for electronics, electric vehicles, and renewable energy systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battery_pack |
Solar tracking | Sun tracking devices automatically regulate the position of solar modules to follow the sun’s path throughout the daytime, enhancing solar energy capture. This technology increases the effectiveness of solar power gathering by maintaining optimal solar array alignment. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_tracking |
Maximum power point tracking | Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is a approach used to maximize the energy production of solar panel setups by regularly modifying the working point to correspond to the peak power point of the solar cells. This procedure ensures the highest efficiency power harvesting, especially under differing environmental factors. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maximum_power_point_tracking |
Power optimizer | An power optimizer functions as a device used in solar energy systems to boost energy output by individually tailored enhancing the performance of each solar panel. It improves overall system efficiency by cutting down on energy loss caused by shading, dirt, or panel mismatch. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_optimizer |
Solar performance monitor | A photovoltaic performance monitor is a tool that monitors and examines the effectiveness of solar power systems in instantaneous, providing important data on power output and system condition. It helps optimize solar power generation by identifying problems early and ensuring optimal output. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_performance_monitor |
Thin-film solar cell | Thin-film solar cells are lightweight, multi-purpose photovoltaic devices made by depositing fine layers of semiconductor materials onto substrates. They offer a cost-effective and multi-functional alternative to traditional silicon-based solar panels, with applications in various portable and building-integrated energy solutions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin-film_solar_cell |
Solar cells | Sunlight-to-electricity converters convert solar radiation directly into electricity through the photoelectric effect, making them a eco-friendly energy source. They are frequently used in photovoltaic modules to power homes, electronic gadgets, and complete solar power systems. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_cells |
Polycrystalline silicon | Polycrystalline silicon, also known as polysilicon, is a material composed of many tiny silicon crystal structures, typically used in photovoltaic panels and semiconductor manufacturing. Its creation involves melting and recrystallizing silicon to create a ultra-pure, polycrystalline structure appropriate for electronic components. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polycrystalline_silicon |
Monocrystalline silicon | Mono silicon is a ultra-pure form of silicon with a single lattice structure, making it very effective for use in solar panels and electronic components. Its homogeneous formation allows for improved electron flow, resulting in higher performance compared to different silicon varieties. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monocrystalline_silicon |
Cadmium telluride photovoltaics | CdTe photovoltaics are a kind of film solar technology that presents a affordable and effective solution for massive solar energy harvesting. They are recognized for their great absorption capability and moderately reduced manufacturing expenses versus traditional silicon-based solar panels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium_telluride_photovoltaics |
Copper indium gallium selenide solar cell | Copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) solar cells are thin-film solar cells that employ a layered material of Cu, In, gallium, and selenium to transform sunlight into energy efficiently. They are known for their great light capturing effectiveness, flexibility, and capability for portable, affordable solar power solutions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper_indium_gallium_selenide_solar_cell |
Amorphous silicon | Non-crystalline silicon is a amorphous atomic configuration, making it more flexible and more straightforward to layer than structured silicon. It is frequently used in photovoltaic thin films and electronic devices due to its economic advantage and flexible characteristics. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amorphous_silicon |
Third-generation photovoltaic cell | Advanced-generation photovoltaic modules aim to surpass traditional solar cell efficiencies by utilizing state-of-the-art materials and new techniques such as stacked stacks, quantum dots, and organic-inorganic hybrids. These technologies focus on maximizing energy conversion, reducing costs, and broadening applicability to various environments. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third-generation_photovoltaic_cell |
Multi-junction solar cell | Multi-structured solar cells are advanced photovoltaic devices that use various p-n junctions layered in unison to collect a broader range of the solar spectrum, substantially increasing their efficiency. They are primarily employed in space missions and high-efficiency solar power installations due to their outstanding energy conversion capabilities. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-junction_solar_cell |
Solar panels on spacecraft | Solar panels on spacecraft are vital components that generate solar radiation into electric power to power onboard systems. Generally lightweight, long-lasting, and designed to operate efficiently in the harsh environment of space. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_panels_on_spacecraft |
Compound semiconductor | Compound semiconductors are materials composed of multiple elements, typically involving a metal component and a non-metallic element, used in fast electronic and optoelectronic devices. They offer better performance in applications such as laser devices, light-emitting diodes, and high-frequency transistors compared to traditional silicon-based semiconductors. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compound_semiconductor |
Gallium arsenide | Gallium arsenide is a compound-based semiconductor recognized for its high electron mobility and performance in high-speed and optoelectronic applications. It is often used in components such as microwave circuits, infrared LEDs, and solar cells. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallium_arsenide |
Concentrator photovoltaics | CPV employ focusing elements or reflectors to focus sunlight onto highly efficient multi-layer solar cells, significantly increasing energy transformation efficiency. This technique is suitable for large-scale solar power plants in regions with clear sunlight, offering a economical approach for high-demand energy needs. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentrator_photovoltaics |
Thin-film silicon | Thin-film silicon is a type of photovoltaic material used in solar cells, characterized by its lightweight and flexible form factor. It offers a cost-effective alternative to traditional silicon wafers, with applications in solar building materials and portable power sources. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin-film_silicon |
CIGS solar cell | CIGS thin-film solar cell utilize a delicate coating of CuInGaSe2 as the light-absorbing layer, known for excellent energy conversion and bendability. They offer a portable, economical alternative to standard silicon solar arrays with reliable operation in various environmental conditions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CIGS_solar_cell |
Thin-film | Thin-film is a term for a delicate layer of material, often measured in nanometers or micrometers, used in diverse technological fields. These coatings are essential in electronic systems, light manipulation, and coatings for their unique physical and chemical characteristics. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin-film |
Rooftop solar PV | Building-mounted solar PV systems harness the sun's rays to generate electricity directly on rooftops of buildings, providing a sustainable and affordable energy solution. They help reduce reliance on fossil fuels, reduce electricity bills, and contribute to environmental conservation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rooftop_solar_PV |
Thin film | A coating is a stratum of material spanning a few nanometers to several micrometers in depth, often applied to surfaces for purposeful functions. These films are used in multiple sectors, including electronic devices, light manipulation, and medicine, to alter surface properties or engineer certain device functions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thin_film |
Nanometers | Nano units are measurement units the same as one-billionth of a meter, frequently used to illustrate minuscule distances at the atomic and molecular scale. They are important in areas such as nanotechnology, physics, and chemistry for determining structures and particles at the nano level. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanometers |
Micrometers | Micrometers are precision devices used to exactly measure small distances or widths, generally in manufacturing and manufacturing. They feature a adjusted screw mechanism that allows for accurate readings, often down to thousandths of an inch or hundredths of a millimeter. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micrometers |
Silicon wafer | A silicon slice is a narrow, round segment of silicon crystal used as the foundation for constructing semiconductor devices. It serves as the foundational material in the creation of ICs and electronic components. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicon_wafer |
Copper indium gallium selenide solar cells | Copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) solar cells are thin-film photovoltaic devices known for their high efficiency and bendability, making them suitable for diverse applications. They utilize a stratified semiconductor structure that transforms sunlight immediately into power with remarkable performance in low-light conditions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copper_indium_gallium_selenide_solar_cells |
Multi-crystalline silicon | Polycrystalline silicon is a kind of silicon used in photovoltaic panels, characterized by its many crystal grains that give it a mottled appearance. It is known for being economical and having a comparatively high efficiency in turning sunlight into energy. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-crystalline_silicon |
Solar PV systems | Solar power setups convert sun rays directly into energy using solar panels, providing a renewable energy source for residential, business, and large-scale applications. They offer a environmentally friendly, renewable, and cost-effective way to cut down reliance on fossil fuels and lower greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_PV_systems |
Perovskite solar cell | Perovskite solar cells are a type of photovoltaic technology that uses perovskite-structured compound as the light-harvesting layer, known for their high efficiency and low-cost manufacturing. These cells have rapidly advanced in performance, making them a promising alternative to traditional silicon-based solar panels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perovskite_solar_cell |
Dye-sensitized solar cell | A dye-activated solar cell (DSSC) is a solar energy device that transforms sunlight into electrical energy using a light-reactive dye to absorb light and generate electron flow. It offers a affordable and versatile alternative to traditional silicon-based solar cells, with potential for transparent and portable applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dye-sensitized_solar_cell |
Quantum dot solar cell | Quantum dot solar cell cells utilize nanosized semiconductor particles to enhance light capture and energy conversion through quantum confinement effects. This approach offers the possibility for lower-cost, bendable, and superior solar energy harvesting solutions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_dot_solar_cell |
Organic solar cell | Organic solar cells are solar cells that use carbon-based compounds, to transform sun's energy into electrical power. They are easy to handle, flexible, and offer the potential for lower-cost, extensive solar energy applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_solar_cell |
CZTS | CZTS Copper Zinc Tin Sulfide is a advantageous semiconductor compound used in layer solar cells due to its earth-abundant and non-toxic elements. Its excellent photo-electronic properties make it an desirable alternative for eco-friendly photovoltaic applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CZTS |
Building integrated photovoltaics | Building integrated photovoltaics integrated solar building solutions seamlessly incorporate photovoltaic technology into the design of construction components, such as rooftops, outer walls, and glazing. This innovative approach enhances energy efficiency while maintaining visual attractiveness and building integrity. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Building_integrated_photovoltaics |
Transparency and translucency | Transparency permits light to penetrate a material with minimal distortion, rendering objects behind easily seen. Translucency permits light to diffuse through, hiding detailed view but still allowing shapes and light to penetrate. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transparency_and_translucency |
Window tinting | Vehicle and building window film application involves applying a thin film to the inside or outside of automobiles or edifices panes to cut down on glare, heat, and UV rays. It enhances privacy, increases energy efficiency, and adds a sleek aesthetic to any window. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Window_tinting |
List of photovoltaic power stations | A list of photovoltaic power stations details various massive solar energy facilities around the world, demonstrating their power and locations. These plants serve a vital role in renewable energy production and international efforts to cut carbon pollution. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_photovoltaic_power_stations |
Photovoltaic power stations | Photovoltaic energy plants are large-scale facilities that transform sunlight straight into electricity using solar panels. They are crucial in renewable energy generation, cutting dependence on non-renewable energy sources, and lowering greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_power_stations |
Environmental issues | Environmental issues encompass a wide range of problems such as pollution, climatic shifts, and deforestation that threaten the health of our planet. Addressing these problems requires collective efforts to promote green approaches and protect biodiverse environments. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_issues |
Renewable energy | Renewable energy comes from environmentally friendly sources that are renewably sourced, such as sunlight, wind, and hydropower. It offers a renewable option to fossil fuels, decreasing environmental harm and enhancing long-term energy security. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renewable_energy |
Non-renewable energy | Non-renewable energy sources, such as lignite, petroleum, and natural gas, are limited reserves formed over millions of years and are depleted when used. They are the primary energy sources for electricity generation and transportation but pose ecological and environmental and renewability challenges. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-renewable_energy |
Electricity generation | Electricity generation involves converting various energy types such as fossil fuels, nuclear energy, and sustainable resources into electrical energy. This process typically occurs in power plants where turbines, alternators, and generators work together to produce electricity for grid delivery. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity_generation |
Heavy metals | Heavy metals are thick, toxic elements such as lead, Hg, Cd, and arsenic that pose significant health and environmental risks due to their persistence and bioaccumulation. They are commonly found in industrial emissions, contaminated water, and certain consumer products, requiring careful management to prevent adverse effects. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavy_metals |
Solar-cell efficiency | Solar-cell efficiency indicates how well a photovoltaic device transforms sunlight into usable electricity. Improving this Solar-cell efficiency is key for maximizing renewable energy production and decreasing reliance on coal and oil. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar-cell_efficiency |
Photoelectric effect | The photoelectric effect occurs when radiation shining on a metallic surface ejects electrons from that surface, demonstrating the particle properties of light. This occurrence provided significant indication for the development of quantum physics by showing that light energy is quantified. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoelectric_effect |
Accelerated life testing | Rapid life testing involves exposing products to higher-than-normal stresses to rapidly assess their durability and forecast their lifespan under normal conditions. This method helps identify potential failures and boost product reliability efficiently. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accelerated_life_testing |
Growth of photovoltaics | The expansion of solar panels has sped up rapidly over the past decade, driven by technological advancements and cost reductions. This growth is revolutionizing the international energy scene by increasing the percentage of sustainable solar power in electricity generation processes. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Growth_of_photovoltaics |
Utility-scale solar | Utility-scale solar relates to large solar power facilities designed to generate electricity on a commercial scale, delivering power directly to the grid. These projects typically cover vast areas and utilize photovoltaic panels or solar heating systems to produce renewable energy effectively. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utility-scale_solar |
Lens (optics) | A optic is a see-through component that bends light to bring together or diverge rays, creating images. It is often used in devices like camera units, glasses, and microscopes to control light for better vision and imaging. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lens_(optics) |
Angle of incidence (optics) | The angle of incidence is the angle between an approaching light ray and the normal line perpendicular to the surface at the point of contact. It determines how light behaves with the surface, influencing reflection and refraction properties. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angle_of_incidence_(optics) |
Anti-reflective coating | Anti-glare coating is a delicate film applied to lens surfaces to cut down on glare and increase light flow. It boosts the sharpness and luminosity of lenses by cutting down on stray reflections. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-reflective_coating |
Destructive interference | Negative interference occurs when a couple of waves meet in a manner that that their amplitudes counteract each other, leading to a reduction or total eradication of the combined wave. This event usually happens when the waveforms are phase-shifted by 180 degrees. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Destructive_interference |
Alternating Current | Alternating current is an electric current that periodically reverses, typically used in electrical distribution networks. Its voltage varies following a sine wave over time, permitting cost-effective transfer over long distances. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternating_Current |
Microinverter | A compact inverter is a compact device used to transform direct current (DC) from a single solar module into AC suitable for domestic use. It boosts system efficiency by optimizing power output at the panel level and eases setup and service. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microinverter |
AC power | Alternating current power, or AC electrical energy, is electrical energy delivered through a network where the potential difference and current periodically reverse orientation, enabling cost-effective transmission over extended ranges. It is generally used in residences and industries to operate multiple appliances and machinery. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AC_power |
DC connector | A DC plug is a category of electrical connector used to deliver direct current (DC) power from a energy source to an electronic equipment. It generally consists of a cylindrical plug and jack that provide a secure and dependable connection for various electronic applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DC_connector |
Underwriters Laboratories | UL is a international safety certification body that tests and certifies products to confirm they adhere to specific safety requirements. It helps consumers and businesses identify dependable and protected products through thorough assessment and examination processes. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underwriters_Laboratories |
Series circuits | Serial circuits are electrical circuits in which elements are connected end-to-end, forming a one path for current. In this arrangement, the identical electric current passes through all elements, and the total voltage is divided among them. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Series_circuits |
Parallel circuits | Parallel circuits are electronic circuits where elements are connected between the same voltage source, offering multiple channels for current flow. This arrangement allows devices to operate separately, with the total current split among the branches. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallel_circuits |
Diode | An diode acts as a solid-state device that permits current to flow in one sense only, acting as a single-direction valve for electrical current. It is commonly used for rectification, signal demodulation, and voltage regulation in electronic circuits. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diode |
Automobile auxiliary power outlet | An car auxiliary power outlet is a connection, typically 12V, intended to supply electrical energy for various devices and add-ons within a vehicle. It permits users to power electronic gadgets or use small appliances during on the journey. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automobile_auxiliary_power_outlet |
USB | USB (Universal Serial Bus) is a technology for connecting peripheral peripherals to PCs, enabling data transfer and electric power. It accommodates a variety of peripherals such as keypads, mice, external drives, and smartphones, with different revisions delivering higher speeds and improved features. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USB |
Solar cell efficiency | Solar cell efficiency refers to the portion of sunlight energy that a photovoltaic cell turns into electrical energy. Boosting this efficiency is essential to increasing energy output and making solar power economical and eco-friendly. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_cell_efficiency |
National Renewable Energy Laboratory | The NREL is a U.S. DOE federal research facility dedicated to research and development in renewable energy and energy efficiency technologies. It aims to advance developments in solar, wind power, bioenergy, and other sustainable energy sources to support a clean energy future. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Renewable_Energy_Laboratory |
Electromagnetic spectrum | The electromagnetic spectrum encompasses all types of EM radiation, ranging from wireless signals to gamma rays, featuring different lengths and power. This band is essential for many technologies and the natural world, enabling data exchange, diagnostic imaging, and understanding of the cosmos. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electromagnetic_spectrum |
Ultraviolet | UV light is a form of EM radiation with a wave length shorter than visible light but longer than X-rays, primarily produced by the sun. It has a important role in processes like vitamin D production but can also cause skin damage and skin aging caused by light. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultraviolet |
Infrared | Infrared radiation is a type of electromagnetic wave with greater wavelengths than visible light, primarily emitted as heat by objects. It is widely used in remote controls, thermal imaging, and various sensing technologies. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrared |
Monochromatic | Uniform color refers to a color scheme based on shades of a sole hue, using different shades, tints, and tones to create balance and connexion. This composition approach emphasizes clarity and sophistication by maintaining consistent color elements throughout a composition. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monochromatic |
Irradiance | Radiance refers to the intensity of electromagnetic radiation per square unit incident on a surface, usually measured in watts per square meter. It is a important parameter in areas like solar energy, climate science, and photobiology, indicating the intensity of sunlight reaching a particular zone. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irradiance |
W/m2 | W/m2 is a unit of measurement used to calculate the magnitude of energy or energy flow received or emitted over a particular area, frequently in fields like meteorology, astronomy, and engineering. It assists with understanding the spread and movement of power across surfaces, such as solar radiation reaching the Earth's surface. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W/m2 |
Spectrum | Spectrum refers to the extent of various hues or wavebands of electromagnetic radiation, perceptible or alternatively. It is often used to depict the distribution of light or signal frequencies in various scientific and technological areas. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectrum |
Airmass | An airmass is a big body of air with relatively even temperature and dampness characteristics, originating from certain starting areas. These air masses influence climate trends and atmospheric states as they move across diverse areas. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airmass |
Solar irradiance | Solar irradiance is the assessment of the energy per unit area received from the solar source in the form of solar rays. It varies with solar cycles and Earth's atmospheric conditions, affecting climate and local weather. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_irradiance |
Soiling (solar energy) | Contamination in solar energy refers to the collection of debris, and other particles on the exterior of solar panels, which decreases their efficiency. Regular cleaning and servicing are necessary to limit energy loss and maintain maximum performance. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soiling_(solar_energy) |
Open-circuit voltage | Open-circuit voltage is the maximum voltage obtainable from a power source when there is no current, taken across its terminals. It represents the potential difference of a device when it is unplugged from any load. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-circuit_voltage |
Short-circuit current | Short-circuit current is the highest electrical current that travels through a circuit when a reduced resistance connection, or short circuit, takes place, skipping the normal load. It presents a considerable safety hazard and can lead to damage to electrical components if not properly controlled. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short-circuit_current |
Watt-peak | Watt-peak (Wp) is a measure of the highest power generation of a solar module under optimal sunlight conditions. It indicates the module's peak capacity to generate electricity in standard testing conditions . | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watt-peak |
Voltmeter | A voltmeter is an electronic device used to determine the voltage between separate points in a electronic circuit. It is widely employed in numerous electrical and electronic setups to maintain proper voltage measurements | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltmeter |
Potential-induced degradation | Potential-induced degradation (PID) is a phenomenon in solar modules where increased voltage stress causes a substantial reduction in power output and performance. It occurs due to current leakage and ion migration within the solar cell materials, leading to degradation over time. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potential-induced_degradation |
Boron | Boron serves as a semi-metal element necessary for plant growth and used in different industrial uses, like glassmaking and chip manufacturing. It possesses distinctive chemical traits that make it beneficial in producing long-lasting, heat-resistant materials. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boron |
Photovoltaic mounting system | A photovoltaic mounting system securely supports solar panels, ensuring ideal tilt and alignment for maximum sunlight exposure. It is designed to withstand external conditions while providing a stable and long-lasting foundation for solar energy installations. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_mounting_system |
Solar power plant | A solar power plant harnesses sunlight using extensive collections of photovoltaic solar panels to produce renewable electricity. It provides an eco-friendly energy source, cutting down reliance on fossil fuels and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_power_plant |
Agrivoltaics | Agrivoltaics is the integrated practice of employing land for both solar power production and agriculture, making the most of space and resources. This strategy enhances crop production while simultaneously creating renewable energy, encouraging sustainable land use. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agrivoltaics |
Bifacial solar cells | Bifacial photovoltaic cells are photovoltaic devices capable of capturing sunlight from both their front and rear surfaces, boosting overall energy output. They are usually installed in a way that allows for increased efficiency by taking advantage of albedo effect and reflected sunlight from the environment. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bifacial_solar_cells |
Solar canopy | A solar-powered canopy is a structure that provides shelter while producing electricity through integrated solar panels. It is often installed in parking lots, walkways, or open spaces to merge environmental benefits with practical design. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_canopy |
Solar array | A solar panel system is a assembly of several solar modules designed to generate electricity from sunlight. It is commonly used in sustainable power systems to generate clean, sustainable power for different applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_array |
Patio cover | A patio cover is a construction that provides shade and protection from the elements for al fresco areas. It improves the practicality and aesthetic appeal of a terrace, making it a cozy zone for relaxation and gatherings. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patio_cover |
Zenith angle | The angle measured from directly overhead is the angle between the perpendicular line directly overhead and the line of sight to a astronomical body. It is applied in astronomy and meteorology to indicate the position of bodies in the heavens relative to an spectator. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zenith_angle |
Azimuth angle | The compass bearing is a azimuth measured clockwise from a reference heading, typically true north, to the line between an surveyor to a destination. It is frequently used in wayfinding, surveying, and astronomy to indicate the orientation of an celestial body with respect to the observer's position. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azimuth_angle |
Occupational hazards of solar panel installation | Installing solar panels exposes workers to risks such as height falls and electrical shocks, requiring proper safety measures. Additionally, exposure to harsh weather conditions and potential muscle strains pose significant occupational hazards of solar panel installation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_hazards_of_solar_panel_installation |
Cadmium telluride | CdTe is a semiconductor material extensively utilized in thin film solar cells due to its high efficiency and affordability. It demonstrates superb optical properties, making it a common option for photovoltaic applications. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium_telluride |
List of photovoltaics companies | An list of photovoltaics companies showcases the major manufacturers and suppliers specializing in solar panel technology and renewable energy solutions worldwide. These companies play a crucial role in driving solar energy adoption and advancement across various markets. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_photovoltaics_companies |
Gigawatt | A gigawatt is a quantity of energy output equal to a billion W, used to assess large-scale power generation production and utilization. It is commonly associated with electricity stations, electricity networks, and significant power projects worldwide. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigawatt |
First Solar | The company First Solar is a worldwide leader in solar energy solutions, focused on making thin film-based solar panels that offer excellent efficiency and economical power generation. The company is dedicated to sustainable energy development and decreasing the world's reliance on fossil fuels through innovative solar technology. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Solar |
GCL System Integration Technology | GCL System Integration Technology expertise in smoothly linking various elements of industrial and automated systems to boost efficiency and reliability. It aims on creating innovative solutions that promote smooth communication and interoperability among different tech platforms. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GCL_System_Integration_Technology |
Shunfeng Photovoltaic | Shunfeng Photovoltaic is a prominent Chinese-based firm focused on manufacturing and innovating solar photovoltaic items and systems. Renowned for cutting-edge technology and green energy projects within the renewable energy industry. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shunfeng_Photovoltaic |
GigaWatt | GigaWatt is a measurement of energy equal to 1,000,000,000 watts, often utilized to represent the potential of massive power generation or usage. It highlights the huge energy extent involved in contemporary energy framework and technology. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GigaWatt |
Experience curve effects | Experience curve effects refer to the concept where the production cost decreases as overall production grows, due to learning curve and optimization obtained over time. This concept highlights the value of learned skills in cutting expenses and improving productivity in manufacturing and other procedures. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experience_curve_effects |
Photovoltaics | Solar energy turn sunlight immediately into electricity through semiconductor materials, primarily silicon. This method is a pure, sustainable energy source that assists lessen reliance on fossil fuels and lowers greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaics |
Grid parity | Grid parity occurs when the expense of generating solar or wind energy is equivalent to or less than the cost of buying power from the power grid. Achieving grid parity indicates that green energy sources are economically competitive with traditional fossil fuels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grid_parity |
Mains electricity | Mains electricity is the primary electrical power supplied to homes and businesses through a network of power lines, delivering a reliable source of energy for various appliances. It typically operates at a voltage of around 120V or 230V, according to the region, and is transmitted through alternating current. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mains_electricity |
Balance of system | Balance of system (BOS) includes all components of a solar power system apart from the photovoltaic panels, comprising inverters, racking, wiring, and other electrical hardware. It is essential for guaranteeing the optimum and reliable operation of a solar energy installation. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balance_of_system |
Solar energy | The sun's power is absorbed from the solar radiation using photovoltaic panels to convert electricity or through thermal solar systems to produce heat. It is a sustainable, renewable, and planet-friendly source of power that reduces reliance on fossil fuels. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_energy |
Applications of photovoltaics | Photovoltaics are widely utilized in home, commercial, and industrial environments to create renewable, eco-friendly electricity from sunlight. They also power remote and off-grid locations, providing sustainable energy solutions where traditional power grids are not accessible. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applications_of_photovoltaics |
List of solar-powered products | A catalog of sun-powered items features a range of tools that harness sunlight to convert energy, promoting eco-friendly and sustainable living. These products include everything from solar power banks and lights to home equipment and outdoor equipment, offering flexible options for energy needs. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_solar-powered_products |
Photovoltaic power station | An solar power plant is a installation that generates sunlight immediately into electricity using solar modules. It is a green energy source that helps reduce reliance on fossil fuels and limits greenhouse gas emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_power_station |
Solar hybrid power systems | Solar hybrid power systems merge solar panels with other energy sources, such as wind or diesel generators, to ensure a reliable and efficient power supply. They enhance energy use by managing renewable resources and backup options, reducing reliance on fossil fuels and lowering overall emissions. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_hybrid_power_systems |
Concentrated photovoltaics | Concentrated photovoltaics use optical lenses and mirrors focusing sunlight on high-performance solar cells, significantly enhancing power output using less space. This method is highly suitable in areas with bright, direct sunlight and provides a promising approach to reducing expenses related to solar energy. | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concentrated_photovoltaics |